Efficient User

Bootstrap 5 alpha is released!!!

The official documentation of Bootstrap 5 is available here.

Bootstrap is one of my favorite open-source CSS frameworks.

What is Bootstrap?

Bootstrap is a free and open-source CSS framework directed at responsive, mobile-first front-end web development. It contains CSS- and JavaScript-based design templates for typography, forms, buttons, navigation, and other interface components.

The journey

Bootstrap 4 is released in Jan 2018. For Bootstrap 5, the team is currently the team working on various aspects like CSS variables, faster javascript, fewer dependencies, and better APIs.

We will get a clear picture of the entire breaking changes details and future list once the beta version released. Now the alpha version available to play around.

Bootstrap 5 alpha no longer depends on jQuery

jQuery played major roles in the earlier versions of bootstrap (let’s say up to 4.x).

Similarly, From Bootstrap version 5, we no longer need jQuery help to use the bootstrap components. Example: maintaining a toggle state, etc.

Now, Bootstrap includes its javascript to do those operations.

We can see the full list of JS related changes in the first bootstrap 5 alpha project on GitHub.

Note: Bootstrap dropped jQuery dependency doesn’t mean you can’t use jQuery at all. You can collaborate with jQuery if your project really needs it. It’s just dropped from its official packages to improve the codebase and various aspects.

Bootstrap 5 alpha CDN

Since we have discussed javascript and jQuery, let’s discuss the CDN that needs to be used in boilerplate code.

In Bootstrap 4, we need to import popper.js, jQuery slim, then bootstrap js.

From bootstrap 5, we can simply import only popper.js and bootstrap.js like below

<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/popper.js@1.16.0/dist/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha384-Q6E9RHvbIyZFJoft+2mJbHaEWldlvI9IOYy5n3zV9zzTtmI3UksdQRVvoxMfooAo" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>

<script src="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/5.0.0-alpha1/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-oesi62hOLfzrys4LxRF63OJCXdXDipiYWBnvTl9Y9/TRlw5xlKIEHpNyvvDShgf/" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>

And it should be imported or included in same order.

Bootstrap 5 drops support for Internet Explorer

CSS Custom Properties

Bootstrap 5 begun use CSS Custom Properties in table component. They currently experimenting to include in various component like buttons, etc.

Vaious local variables are included in bootstrap to achieve variants in table.

Example

@mixin table-variant($state, $background) {
  .table-#{$state} {
    $color: color-contrast(opaque($body-bg, $background));
    $hover-bg: mix($color, $background, percentage($table-hover-bg-factor));
    $striped-bg: mix($color, $background, percentage($table-striped-bg-factor));
    $active-bg: mix($color, $background, percentage($table-active-bg-factor));

    --bs-table-bg: #{$background};
    --bs-table-striped-bg: #{$striped-bg};
    --bs-table-striped-color: #{color-contrast($striped-bg)};
    --bs-table-active-bg: #{$active-bg};
    --bs-table-active-color: #{color-contrast($active-bg)};
    --bs-table-hover-bg: #{$hover-bg};
    --bs-table-hover-color: #{color-contrast($hover-bg)};

    color: $color;
    border-color: mix($color, $background, percentage($table-border-factor));
  }
}

Improved grid system

• The team added a new grid tier! Say hello to xxl.
• .gutter classes have been replaced with .g* utilities, much like our margin/padding utilities. Team also added options to your grid gutter spacing that matches the spacing utilities you’re already familiar with.

Bootstrap includes six default breakpoints, sometimes referred to as grid tiers, for building responsively. These breakpoints can be customized if you’re using our source Sass files.

Breakpoint	Class infix	Dimensions
X-Small	None	0–576px
Small	sm	≥576px
Medium	md	≥768px
Large	lg	≥992px
Extra large	xl	≥1200px
Extra extra large	xxl	≥1400px

These breakpoints are customizable via Sass—you’ll find them in a Sass map in our _variables.scss stylesheet.

$grid-breakpoints: (
  xs: 0,
  sm: 576px,
  md: 768px,
  lg: 992px,
  xl: 1200px,
  xxl: 1400px
);

Take a look at the redesigned and restructured Layout docs to learn more.

RTL support is coming soon!

Bootstrap icons

Meanwhile, bootstrap has its own icon library to support its components.

You can take a look at Bootstrap icons here.

Bootstrap icons can be used as Embedded HTML, External image or custom CSS.

Bootstrap Icons are published to npm, but they can also be manually downloaded if needed.

npm

Install Bootstrap Icons via command line with npm.

npm install bootstrap-icons

Conclusion

In conclusion, We can have a detailed blog once the beta version is released with realtime examples.